At the A1 level, learners begin to orient themselves in the new language. They can recognize and use simple everyday expressions and phrases to meet immediate needs. This includes introducing themselves, asking and answering basic questions (for example about name, origin, or address), and interacting in routine situations, provided the conversation partner speaks slowly, clearly, and is willing to help. This level marks the foundation for navigating simple communicative contexts in a new linguistic environment.

At this level, learners can understand commonly used sentences related to areas of immediate relevance (such as family, shopping, work, local geography). They can communicate in simple and routine tasks requiring a direct exchange of information and can describe their background and immediate environment in simple terms.

Learners can understand the main points of clear standard input on familiar topics. They can handle most situations that may arise while traveling in a language area. They can produce simple connected texts on topics of personal interest and describe experiences, events, and plans, as well as briefly explain opinions.

At this stage, learners can understand the main ideas of complex texts, including technical discussions in their field. They can interact fluently and spontaneously with native speakers, express clear and detailed opinions on a wide range of topics, and explain the pros and cons of different options.

Learners can understand a wide range of demanding, longer texts and recognize implicit meaning. They can express themselves fluently and spontaneously without much searching for words. Their use of language is flexible and effective for social, academic, and professional purposes.

At the highest level, learners can understand virtually everything they hear or read. They can summarize information from different spoken and written sources, reconstruct arguments and accounts, and express themselves spontaneously, very fluently, and precisely, even in complex situations.